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PHILADELPHIA 

PAST AND PRESENT 

Bein^ Tiventy-five Dra-win^s 

By Herbert Pullinger 



BOSTON 
LE ROY PHILLIPS 

PUBLISHER 



.5 

RBPERBNCE ROOM, -jyc^rK^ 



Copyright, 191S. by Herbert Pullinger 



All rights reserved 



By Transfer 
D. C. Public Library 
JAN 3 193« 



LIST OF CONTENTS 



I OLD CHRIST CHURCH 
II THE ^TATE FQUSE — INDEPENDENCE HALL 

III LOOKING NORTH ON BROAD STREET FROM 

SPRUCE 

IV BROAD r FROM SOUTHERN PLAZA OF CITY 

HALL 

V leaGvj: . oLAND 

VI CRAMP'S SHIP . VRD — KENSINGTON 

VII COAL BUNKER;^ ON THE DELAWARE 

VIII " CLIVEDEN " — THE CHEW MANSION IN 
GERMANTOWN 

IX MIDVALE 

X EAST ON MARKET STREET FROM SIXTEENTH 

XI BROAD STREET AND SOUTH PENN SQUARE 

XII THE LITTLE OLD STUDIO BUILDING 

XIII THE LITTLE BANK BUILDING 

XIV CHESTNUT STRE;ET WEST FROM ELEVENTH 
XV WALNUT SFREEI EAST FROM FIFTEENTH 

XVI BROAD STREET SOUTH FROM VINE 

XVII SOUTH PENN SQUARE FROM BROAD STREET 
STATION 

XVIII BROAD STREET STATION 

XIX THE MORRIS-DESCHLER HOUSE 

XX THE TUNNEL AT GIRARD AVENUE AND THE EAST 
RIVER DRIVE 

XXI THE CONCRETE ARCH OVER THE WISSAHICKON 

XXII GLORIA DEI 

XXIII PENN'S COTTAGE 

XXIV THE FLAG HOUSE 

XXV DOCK STREET MARKET AND THE OLD STOCK 
EXCHANGE 



OLD CHRIST CHURCH 

TUCKED QUIETLY AWAY IN SECOND, JUST 
NORTH OF BUSY MARKET STREET, SUR- 
ROUNDED BY OLD TREES AND A TINY CHURCH- 
YARD, BENEATH THE FLAGS OF WHICH REST 
MEMBER^ 9F MANY PROMINENT PHILADELPHIA 
families; S-i^ANDS • *OLD , «CI£RIST CHURCH, 
DATINA .Fp.OM ^"f695., UNDER i A CHARTER OF 
KING CHARLES THE StcONDTO* WILLIAM PENN. 
IT WAS THE FIRST CHURCH OF ENGLAND TO 
BE BUILT IN THE CITY AND FOR MANY YEARS 
THE MOST PROMINENT. HERE THE COLONIAL 
GOVERNORS HAD THEIR STATE PEW, WHICH 
WAS LATER TO BE USED BY SOME OF THE 
FIRST PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 
WASHINGTON AND ADAMS ATTENDED THIS 
CHURCH. THE BUILDING IS OF BRICK, 
PURELY COLONIAL IN STYLE. THE INTERIOR, 
WITH ITS BEAUTIFUL WHITE WOODWORK, IS 
SIMPLE AND EXQUISITE. IN THE CHURCH 
YARD ARE INTERRED THE REMAINS OF ROBERT 
MORRIS, PEYTON RANDOLPH, SEVERAL SIGNERS 
OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, 
AND MANY OTHERS PROMINENT IN THE EARLY 
HISTORY OF PHILADELPHIA AND THE NATION. 
OLD CHRIST CHURCH FIGURES PROMINENTLY 
IN FICTION too: many A HERO AND HEROINE 
ARE ASSOCIATED WITH IT. 



THE STATE HOUSE INDEPENDENCE HALL 

IN INDEPENDENCE SQUARE, WITH OLD TREES, 
LAWNS AND GARDENS ALL ABOUT IT; SUR- 
ROUNDED BY MODERN OFFICE BUILDINGS AND 
BUSINESS HOUSES OF ALL SORTS, THE OLD 
STATE HOUSE SEEMS TO REST QUIETLY AFTER 
ITS PATRIOTIC WORK. THE BUILDING, A 
BEAUTIFUL EXAMPLE OF COLONIAL ARCHI- 
TECTURE, DESIGNED BY ANDREW HAMILTON, 
WENT THROUGH A SERIES OF REPAIRS AND 
ALTERATIONS, BUT IN RECENT YEARS WAS 
RESTORED TO ITS ORIGINAL STATE. THE 
INTERIOR, WITH ITS COOL RED BRICK FLOOR- 
ING IN THE HALLWAY, ITS BEAUTIFUL AND 
SIMPLE WHITE WOODWORK, NOT TO SPEAK 
OF THE ORIGINAL OLD FURNITURE AND ROWS 
OF PORTRAITS, IS ALTOGETHER AGREEABLE 

AND SATISFYING. 
IT WAS FROM THE FRONT STEPS OF INDEPEN- 
DENCE HALL THAT THE DECLARATION OF 
INDEPENDENCE WAS READ TO THE ENTHU- 
SIASTIC PEOPLE IN 1776. 



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LOOKING NORTH ON BROAD STREET FROM 
SPRUCE 

SOUTH BROAD STREET FROM SPRUCE TO THE 
CITY HALL WAS AT ONE TIME A FASHIONABLE 
RESIDENTIAL SECTION: NOW IT IS LINED 
WITH A ROW OF THE MOST BEAUTIFUL BUILD- 
INGS TO BE SEEN ANYWHERE IN THE CITY: 
OFFICE AND NEWSPAPER BUILDINGS, MODERN 
HOTELS, CLUBS, THEATERS, AND FINE SHOPS. 
TO BE SURE, HERE AND THERE ONE CAN STILL 
SEE A FEW OLD FOUR-STORY DWELLING 
houses; but they are fast giving WAY 
TO the march of PROGRESS. A HISTORIC 
SPOT HERE IS THE OLD ACADEMY OF MUSIC. 




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BROAD STREET FROM THE SOUTHERN PLAZA 
OF CITY HALL 

LOOKING DOWN BROAD STREET FROM THE 
SOUTHERN PLAZA OF THE CITY HALL, ONE 
SEES, A SHORT DISTANCE BELOW, THE CORNERS 
OF BROAD AND CHESTNUT STREETS, THE CITY's 
BUSIEST SECTION. BIG SKYSCRAPERS LOOM 
UP ON ALL SIDES, ALMOST OBSCURING THE 
DIGNIFIED LITTLE GIRARD TRUST BUILDING; 
A CHARMING STRUCTURE COPIED AFTER THE 
PANTHEON IN ROME. THIS IS INDEED THE 
THROBBING, PULSING HEART OF THE CITY 
AS PENN HAD PLANNED. HERE THE TRAFFIC 
IS HEAVY AND THE STREAM OF PEOPLE 
CONTINUOUS. 



V 

LEAGUE ISLAND 

AWAY OFF TO THE SOUTHERN END OF THE 
CITY, ALONG THE DELAWARE RIVER, IS THE 
NAVY YARD, WITH OLD FORT MIFFLIN A SHORT 
DISTANCE BELOW. PHILADELPHIANS CON- 
SIDER LEAGUE ISLAND THE MOST IMPORTANT, 
IF NOT THE PRINCIPAL, NAVAL STATION ON 
THE COAST. IT IS A CONTINUAL SOURCE OF 
SATISFACTION AND PLEASURE TO THEM AND 
THEIR MANY VISITORS. ALMOST ANY TIME 
ONE CAN SEE, LYING IN THE BASIN, A LARGE 
NUMBER OF UNCLE SAM's FIGHTING SHIPS, 
UPON SOME OF WHICH VISITORS ARE USUALLY 
WELCOME. 



CRAMP S SHIPYARD, KENSINGTON 

PENNSYLVANIA WAS ALWAYS NOTED FOR HER 
SUPERIOR SHIPS. IN THE EARLY DAYS THERE 
WERE SHIPYARDS ALL ALONG THE WATER- 
FRONT FROM WHICH MANY FAMOUS VESSELS 
WERE launched; notably the FRIGATE 
UNITED STATES, THE FASTEST SHIP IN HER 
DAY. cramp's shipyard, COVERING ABOUT 
FIFTY OR SIXTY ACRES OF GROUND, AND 
FOUNDED IN 1835, IS IN KENSINGTON; THE 
NORTHEASTERN SECTION OF THE CITY, AND 
IS SURROUNDED BY THE LARGEST MANUFAC- 
TURING DISTRICT IN THE WORLD. MANY OF 
THE nation's most POWERFUL WAR VESSELS 
HAVE BEEN BUILT HERE, AS ALSO SHIPS FOR 
FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS. 




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COAL BUNKERS ON THE DELAWARE 

THOUGH MODERN AND BUILT OF CONCRETE 
AND STEEL, THE BIG COAL BUNKERS AND 
PIERS TO BE FOUND IN MANY PLACES ALONG 
THE DELAWARE ARE YET PICTURESQUE. IT 
IS INTERESTING TO WATCH THE BIG IRON 
BUCKETS DIP CONTINUOUSLY INTO THE DARK 
DEPTHS OF THE BARGES AND CANAL BOATS; 
FOR IT MUST BE REMEMBERED THAT PHILA- 
DELPHIA IS ONE OF THE GREATEST WORK- 
SHOPS IN THE WORLD AND IT CAN EASILY BE 
SEEN HOW MUCH COAL IT MUST TAKE TO 

KEEP HER FURNACES BUSY. 
MUCH OF THIS COAL COMES FROM THE ANTHRA- 
CITE REGIONS OF PENNSYLVANIA, DOWN THE 
OLD LEHIGH CANAL TO BRISTOL, AND THENCE 
DOWN THE DELAWARE. 










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CLIVEDEN, THE CHEW MANSION IN 
GERMANTOWN 

WELL BACK FROM THE OLD GERMANTOWN 
ROAD, SURROUNDED BY BIG TREES, WELL- 
KEPT LAWNS AND GARDENS, STANDS " CLIVE- 
DEN," THE FORMER HOME OF CHIEF-JUSTICE 
chew; STYLED " THE ABODE OF ELEGANCE, 
HOSPITALITY, AND EASE." DATING FROM 
1763, THE OLD HOUSE IS IN AN EXCELLENT 
STATE OF PRESERVATION, DESPITE THE MANY 
MARKS OF BATTLE WHICH MAY STILL BE SEEN. 
IT WAS HERE IN 1 777 THAT THE AMERICAN 
TROOPS, IN PURSUIT OF THE RETREATING 
BRITISH, WERE SURPRISED, AS THEY PASSED 
DOWN THE GERMANTOWN ROAD, BY A BRISK 
FIRE FROM THE WINDOWS OF " CLIVEDEN." 
THE AMERICANS GAVE BATTLE TO THE BRITISH 
WITHIN THE HOUSE AND IT IS THOUGHT THAT, 
OWING TO THIS DELAY, THE KINg's TROOPS 
WON THE BATTLE OF GERMANTOWN. IN 
1779 THE PLACE WAS SOLD AND REPURCHASED 
AGAIN IN 1787 BY MR. CHEW. MANY PROMI- 
NENT PERSONS HAVE ENJOYED THE HOSPI- 
TALITY OF " CLIVEDEN." IT WAS HERE THAT 
LAFAYETTE WAS RECEIVED DURING HIS VISIT 
TO AMERICA IN 1 825. THE PLACE IS STILL 
IN POSSESSION OF THE CHEW FAMILY. 










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MIDVALE 

OUT AT NICETOWN, ON THE NORTHERN EDGE 
OF THE CITY, IS THE BIG PLANT OF THE 
MIDVALE STEEL COMPANY, WHICH HAS GROWN 
FROM A SMALL FOUNDRY TO ONE OF THE 
BIGGEST OF INDEPENDENT PLANTS. MARVEL- 
OUS PLACES THESE STEEL AND IRON MILLS ! 
IT IS INTERESTING TO WATCH THE GREAT 
CLOUDS OF COLORED SMOKE BURST OUT; AND 
THE PUFFS OF WHITE STEAM WITH THE MANY 
COLORED VAPOROUS RIBBONS TWISTING THEM- 
SELVES ABOUT THE GREAT STACKS AS THE 
CLOUDS OF SMOKE DIE AWAY. IT IS INTER- 
ESTING, TOO, TO WATCH THESE BIG PLANTS 
IN THEIR VARIOUS MOODS, WHEN THE SNOW 
COVERS THE ROOFS OF THE BUILDINGS AND 
WHEN THE RAIN DEADENS THE FORCE OF THE 
SMOKE. AT NIGHT THEY ARE WONDERFUL. 
IT 16 HERE AT MIDVALE THAT MUCH OF THE 
ARMOR PLATE FOR THE BIG WAR VESSELS 
AND MANY OF THE BIG GUNS ARE MADE. 



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EAST ON MARKET STREET FROM SIXTEENTH 

LOOKING EAST ON MARKET STREET FROM 
SIXTEENTH ONE GETS A FINE VIEW OF BROAD 
STREET STATION, WITH THE BEAUTIFUL TOWER 
OF CITY HALL LOOMING UP BEHIND IT. IT IS 
A LITTLE HARD JUST NOW TO PICTURE A 
STRING OF MULES DRAWING LINES OF CARS 
ALONG MARKET STREET TO THE FREIGHT 
STATION, UPON THE SITE OF WHICH THE BIG 
WANAMAKER STORE IS NOW STANDING, AND 
THE PRESENT PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD TER- 
MINAL, WITH ITS WONDERFUL FACILITIES FOR 
HANDLING TRAFFIC. 




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BROAD STREET AND SOUTH PENN SQUARE 

IN THE ORIGINAL PLAN, PENN LAID OUT THE 
BIG SQUARE IN THE CENTER OF THE CITY, 
PENN's SQUARE, WITH THE IDEA OF KEEPING 
IT ALWAYS A PARK, AS A SORT OF A HUB 
AROUND WHICH THE CITY SHOULD GROW. 
THE CITY HALL NOW COVERS THE ENTIRE 
SQUARE LIKE A HUGE OBSTACLE. IT IS 
OBVIOUSLY IN THE WAY, FOR EVERY MORNING 
ONE CAN SEE THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE SCURRY- 
ING ABOUT IT ON ALL SIDES AND THROUGH 
IT IN ORDER TO GET TO THEIR BUSINESS. 
SO MANY BIG SKYSCRAPERS HAVE BEEN BUILT 
AROUND THE OUTER EDGE OF PENN SQUARE IN 
THE LAST FEW YEARS THAT, BEFORE LONG, 
THE CITY HALL WILL BE ALMOST OBLITERATED 
FROM VIEW. 



THE LITTLE OLD STUDIO BUILDING 

NESTLING IN AMONG THE MOST MODERN OF 
SKYSCRAPERS, THIS LITTLE OLD RED BRICK 
BUILDING IS NEARLY THE LAST OF ITS KIND. 
IN EARLIER TIMES, WHEN USED AS A DWELL- 
ING HOUSE, IT SHELTERED SOME OF PHILA- 
DELPHIA'S BEST PEOPLE. ONE CAN EASILY 
IMAGINE ITS ROOMS, WHICH HAVE SINCE BEEN 
CUT UP INTO OFFICES, RINGING WITH THE 
GOOD CHEER AND HOSPITALITY OF ITS HOST. 
FOR MANY YEARS THE TOP FLOOR, AS MANY 
OTHER TOP FLOORS IN THE VICINITY, HAS 
BEEN USED FOR STUDIO PURPOSES. 



THE LITTLE BANK BUILDING 

right down at the foot of the tallest 
and newest of skyscrapers this beauti- 
ful little building of the third national 
bank stands, very much content with 
itself, and well it may be, for it is 
indeed a charming bit of architecture, 
this is a busy corner, with broad street 
station opposite, pouring out its thou- 
sands, with people hurrying past and 
through the city hall court yard — 
Philadelphia's short cut — and the 
heavy traffic which is continually 

PASSING. 



XIV 

CHESTNUT STREET WEST FROM ELEVENTH 

HERE IT IS THAT ONE SEES ALL PHILADELPHIA 
AT THE NOON HOUR. THE IDEA SEEMS TO BE 
TO GET A BITE TO EAT AND THEN WANDER 
DOWN CHESTNUT STREET. BANKERS, STE- 
NOGRAPHERS, CLERKS, SHOP GIRLS, AND, IN 
FACT, EVERY ONE SEEMS TO TAKE THE AIR 
HERE AT THE LUNCH HOUR. AND AFTER ALL 
PERHAPS ONE COULD NOT CHOOSE A BETTER 
PLACE, FOR IT IS A MOST INTERESTING PROME- 
NADE AND ONE OF THE CITy's INSTITUTIONS. 
















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WALNUT STREET EAST FROM FIFTEENTH 

NOT LONG AGO THE PHILADELPHIA STOCK 
EXCHANGE MOVED FROM ITS QUAINT OLD 
HOME IN THIRD STREET TO ITS PRESENT 
BUILDING IN WALNUT STREET, MANY OF 
THE BROKERS MOVING THEIR OFFICES UP 
TOWN WITH IT. THE TYPE OF THIS SECTION 

IS RAPIDLY CHANGING. 
WALNUT STREET HERE IS NOTED FOR ITS 
EXCLUSIVE SHOPS, AND A LITTLE FARTHER 
WEST AS THE HOME OF THE FOUR HUNDRED. 



BROAD STREET SOUTH FROM VINE 

NORTH BROAD STREET, IN THE VICINITY OF 
THE CITY HALL, HAS ALWAYS BEEN OF GREAT 
INTEREST TO PHILADELPHIANS. YEARS AGO 
THIS STREET WAS A PROMINENT LANE FOR 
THE FARMERS, AND STRINGS OF WAGONS 
LINED THE ROAD ON CERTAIN DAYS: MILES 
OF HAY CARTS CAME TO THE HAY MARKETS 
NEARBY. GREAT HORSE BAZAARS AND RINGS 
^WHEp.E, HOPJ5E.S AND WAGONS WERE AUC- 
TIONED 'WERE fro BE FOUND FROM VINE STREET 
TO l^EE CnT HALL, THE SMELL OF LEATHER 
FROM THE NUMEROUS SADDLERY SHOPS 
PERMEATED THE AIR. BUT THE ADVENT OF 
THE MOTOR CAR HAS CHANGED ALL THIS, AND 
THE ENTIRE SECTION IS NOW GIVEN OVER 
TO AUTOMOBILE HOUSES, OFFICE BUILDINGS, 
AND THEATERS. AT THE CORNER OF CHERRY 
STREET IS THE BUILDING OF THE PENNSYL- 
VANIA ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS, THE OLDEST 
ART INSTITUTION IN THE UNITED STATES, 
FOUNDED IN 1805 AND CHARTERED IN THE 
FOLLOWING YEAR. THE PRESENT BUILDING 
WAS DEDICATED IN 1 876. AROUND THIS OLD 
BUILDING CLUSTER MANY CHERISHED ASSO- 
CIATIONS OF ART AND ARTISTS THE COUNTRY 
OVER. 



SOUTH PENN SQUARE FROM BROAD STREET 
STATION 

LOOKING ACROSS SOUTH PENN SQUARE FROM 
BROAD STREET STATION GIVES ONE A MOST 
COMPLETE VIEW, IN PERSPECTIVE, OF THE 
CENTER OF THE CITY. THE BIG BUILDINGS 
TOWER INTO THE AIR WITH SMOKE AND 
STEAM TRAVELING SKYWARDS, AND A STEADY 
STREAM OF PEOPLE AND VEHICLES IS MOVING 
IN ALL DIRECTIONS. ACTIVITY IS EVERY- 
WHERE, AS IT NATURALLY SHOULD BE WHEN 
ONE IS LOOKING AT THE HEART OF SOMETHING 
VERY MUCH ALIVE. 



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BROAD STREET STATION 

BROAD STREET STATION, THE PENNSYLVANIA 
RAILROAD TERMINAL, IS ONE OF THE MOST 
PICTURESQUE AND INTERESTING BUILDINGS 
IN THE CITY AND WAS CONSIDERED UPON ITS 
COMPLETION THE FINEST RAILROAD TERMINAL 
IN THE COUNTRY. ITS DARK RED HAS MEL- 
LOWED WITH THE YEARS AND IT IS THE ONE 
SPOT OF COLOR IN THE WHOLE SECTION. 
ARCHITECTS, TO BE SURE, ARE NOT VERY 
ENTHUSIASTIC ABOUT IT, BUT THE RECENT 
TALK OF ITS REMOVAL BRINGS GLOOM TO 
THE HEARTS OF MANY PHILADELPHIANS WHO 
LOVE ITS PICTURESQUE BEAUTY. IT IS AT 
THIS POINT THAT THE NEW PARKWAY, NOW 
UNDER CONSTRUCTION, WILL START, AND FOR 
THIS REASON ITS REMOVAL IS CONTEMPLATED. 



THE MORRIS-DESCHLER HOUSE 

BUILT IN 1772, THE MORRIS-DESCHLER HOUSE 
IS ANOTHER FINE EXAMPLE OF COLONIAL 
ARCHITECTURE. THEY REALLY " BUILT " 
HOUSES IN THOSE DAYS, FOR THE OLD BUILD- 
ING IS AS STURDY AS THE DAY IT WAS FIN- 
ISHED. DURING THE BATTLE OF GERMAN- 
TOWN, SIR WILLIAM HOWE HAD THE STENTON 
HOUSE FOR HIS HEADQUARTERS; BUT AFTER 
THE AMERICANS HAD RETREATED, LEAVING 
HIM MASTER OF THE FIELD, HE MOVED TO THE 
MORRIS HOUSE, SO AS TO BE NEARER THE BASE 

OF OPERATIONS. 
DURING THE YELLOW FEVER EPIDEMIC IN 
PHILADELPHIA, 1793, THE HOUSE WAS RENTED 
BY PRESIDENT WASHINGTON AND WAS, FOR A 
TIME, THE WHITE HOUSE, WHILE GERMAN- 
TOWN WAS THE TEMPORARY CAPITAL OF THE 
UNITED STATES. THE OLD HOUSE OCCUPIES 
A PROMINENT PLACE ON THE GERMANTOWN 
ROAD OPPOSITE THE MARKET SQUARE, WHERE 
ONE OF THE BLOODIEST ACTIONS OF THE 
BATTLE OF GERMANTOWN TOOK PLACE. 








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THE TUNNEL AT GIRARD AVENUE AND THE 
EAST RIVER DRIVE 

PHILADELPHIA IS INDEED HAPPY IN ITS PLAY- 
GROUND, FAIRMOUNT PARK. THE DRIVEWAYS 
ON EITHER SIDE OF THE RIVER ARE INTER- 
ESTING PLACES. HERE ON A SUNDAY, PAR- 
TICULARLY IN THE EAST RIVER DRIVE, A 
STEADY STREAM OF AUTOMOBILES AND OTHER 
VEHICLES MOVES IN SLOW PROCESSION, WHILE 
ALL THE CITY SEEMS TO BE AFOOT. ON 
REGATTA DAYS IT IS A GAY AND HAPPY SIGHT. 
THE MACHINES FOLLOW THE BOATS UP AND 
DOWN THE RIVER, THE OCCUPANTS CHEERING 
THEIR FAVORITES, WHILE THOUSANDS WATCH 
THE RACES FROM THE SHORE AND NEARBY 
HILLSIDES. MANY BEAUTIFUL BRIDGES CROSS 
THE SCHUYLKILL IN THE PARK. AT GIRARD 
AVENUE, " THE TUNNEL," CUT FROM SOLID 
ROCK, MAKES IT POSSIBLE FOR THE DRIVE TO 
PROCEED. 




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THE CONCRETE ARCH OVER THE WISSAHICKON 

IN THE NORTHERN LIMITS OF FAIRMOUNT 
PARK THIS LOVELY CONCRETE ARCH, ONE 
OF THE LARGEST OF ITS KIND, THROWS ITS 
GRACEFUL SPAN ACROSS THE VALLEY OF THE 
WISSAHICKON. THE BEAUTIFUL CREEK FOL- 
LOWS THE drive; a road WHERE AUTOMO- 
BILES ARE NOT ALLOWED AND WHERE ONE 
MAY TRAVEL ALONG IN PEACE, FOR MANY 
MILES. HERE THOUSANDS RIDE AND DRIVE 
IN QUIET, AND PEDESTRIANS FIND DELIGHT 
IN THE NATURAL BEAUTY OF THIS ROMANTIC 
AND HISTORIC VALLEY, PURPOSELY LEFT 
UNTOUCHED BY THE PARK COMMISSION. 



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XXII 

GLORIA DEI 

GLORIA DEI — THE OLD SWEDEs' CHURCH — 
WAS BUILT BY THE FIRST SWEDISH SETTLERS 
A LITTLE BELOW WHAT WAS LATER TO BE 
PENn's LOCATION OF PHILADELPHIA, BUT 
NOW STANDS ALONG THE RIVER FRONT SUR- 
ROUNDED BY WHARVES AND DOCKS, FOUND- 
RIES AND RAILWAYS. IT WAS BUILT IN 
1700, UPON THE SITE OF THE OLD SWEDISH 
BLOCK HOUSE, WHICH HAD BEEN ERECTED 
IN 1677. IN THE BURYING GROUND SUR- 
ROUNDING THE ANCIENT EDIFICE ARE MANY 
WEATHER-BEATEN STONES MARKING THE 
GRAVES OF THE OLD INHABITANTS. ALEX- 
ANDER WILSON, THE FAMOUS ORNITHOLOGIST 
AND FRIEND OF AUDUBON, IS BURIED HERE 
AS HE HOPED HE MIGHT LIE AMONG THE TREES 
WHERE THE BIRDS WOULD BE EVER NEAR. 




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XXIII 

penn's cottage 
penn's cottage stands now in fairmount 

PARK overlooking THE BEAUTIFUL SCHUYL- 
KILL RIVER WHERE IT WAS REMOVED SOME 
YEARS AGO. IT STOOD ORIGINALLY ON THE 
TRACT OF LAND THAT PENN HAD RESERVED 
FOR HIS DAUGHTER LETITIA, AT SECOND AND 
MARKET STREETS. THE " PROPRIETOR " EN- 
JOYED THIS RESIDENCE DURING THE PERIODS 
WHEN BUSINESS KEPT HIM IN TOWN, LIVING 
MOST OF HIS TIME ON HIS GREAT ESTATE AT 
PENNSBURY, ON THE DELAWARE RIVER. THE 
LITTLE HOUSE WAS FOR A TIME THE STATE 
HOUSE OF THE PROVINCE. IT WAS HERE THAT 
THE PROVINCIAL COUNCIL DELIBERATED SOL- 
EMNLY UPON SUBJECTS CONNECTED WITH THE 
INTERESTS OF THE INFANT COLONY. UPON 
penn's last visit to the city he BROUGHT 
WITH HIM HIS WIFE AND DAUGHTER, AND, 
WHILE IN THE CITY, TRANSFERRED THE HOUSE 
AND LOT TO LETITIA, WHO SHORTLY AFTER- 
WARDS SOLD IT. IT WAS OCCUPIED BY DIVERS 
PERSONS, AND WAS IN TURN MUSIC HALL AND 
INN. IT FELL INTO NEGLECT AND WAS 
FINALLY RAISED AND MOVED TO ITS PRESENT 
LOCATION. 



THE FLAG HOUSE 

LOCATED ON ARCH STREET DOWN NEAR THE 
RIVER, WEDGED IN TIGHTLY BETWEEN BIG 
BUSINESS HOUSES, THIS HISTORIC LANDMARK 
IS INDEED NOT MUCH TO LOOK AT. TIME HAS 
HANDLED IT RATHER BADLY AND ITS EXTERIOR 
IS MUCH TWISTED OUT OF SHAPE: YET THIS 

LITTLE OLD HOUSE FAMED THE CONTINENT 

OVER WHERE BETSY ROSS MADE THE FIRST 

AMERICAN FLAG STILL ATTRACTS MANY 

VISITORS. ONE CAN SEE THE TINY ROOM IN 
THE REAR OF THE COTTAGE WHERE WASHING- 
TON AND HIS STAFF EXAMINED THE COUNTRY'S 
FIRST FLAG. BUT THE IMAGINATION MUST 
PICTURE THE GARDENS AND ORCHARDS WHICH 
SURROUNDED IT AS WITH MOST PHILADELPHIA 
HOMES IN THOSE DAYS, AND THE SUNLIGHT 
STREAMING THROUGH THE WINDOW, NOW 
COMPLETELY SHUT OUT BY A SOLID BRICK 
WALL. 







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XXV 

DOCK STREET MARKET AND THE OLD STOCK 
EXCHANGE 

THIRD STREET IS TO PHILADELPHIA WHAT 
WALL STREET IS TO NEW YORK. IT WAS FOR 
MANY YEARS, UNTIL THE EXCHANGE MOVED 
UP TOWN, THE HAUNT OF STOCK BROKERS 
AND FINANCIAL MEN; BUT IS NOW BEING 
RAPIDLY TAKEN UP BY THE INSURANCE 
INTERESTS. THE STOCK EXCHANGE OCCU- 
PIED FOR MANY YEARS THE STATELY OLD 
BUILDING SURROUNDED BY THIRD, WALNUT, 
AND DOCK STREETS. DOCK STREET, A WIDE 
RAMBLING THOROUGHFARE, RUNNING FROM 
THIRD STREET TO THE RIVER, IS LINED WITH 
BIG BONDED WAREHOUSES, WHOLESALE FISH 
AND PRODUCE HOUSES AND MARKETS, AND 
PRESENTS ONE OF THE BUSIEST SIGHTS TO 
BE WITNESSED IN THE CITY. 



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